（Translation for Reference Only）

Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China

(Promulgated by Decree No. 306 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on June 15, 2001, revised for the first time in accordance with the Decision of the State Council on Amending the Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China on December 28, 2002, and revised for the second time in accordance with the Decision of the State Council on Amending the Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China on January 9, 2010)

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1 These Rules are formulated in accordance with the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Patent Law).

Article 2 Any formalities prescribed by the Patent Law and these Rules shall be performed in written form or in any other form prescribed by the patent administration department of the State Council.

Article 3 Any document submitted in accordance with the provisions of the Patent Law and these Rules shall be in Chinese; the standard scientific and technical terms shall be used if there is a prescribed one set forth by the State; where no generally accepted translation in Chinese ean be found for a foreign name or scientific or technical term, the one in the original language shall be also indicated.

Where any certificate or certifying document submitted in accordance with the provisions of the Patent Law and these Rules is in a foreign language, the patent administration department of the State Council may, when it deems it necessary, require a Chinese translation of the certificate or the certifying document to be submitted within a specified time limit; where the translation is not submitted within the specified time limit, the certificate or certifying document shall be deemed not to have been submitted.

Article 4 Where any document is sent by mail to the patent administration department of the State Council, the date of mailing indicated by the postmark on the envelope shall be deemed to be the date of filing; where the date of mailing indicated by the postmark on the envelope is illegible, the date on which the patent administration department of the State Council receives the document shall be the date of filing, except where the date of mailing is proved by the party concerned.

Any document of the patent administration department of the State Council may be served by mail, by personal delivery or by other forms. Where any party concerned appoints a patent ageney, the document shall be sent to the patent agency; where no patent agency is appointed, the document shall be sent to the liaison person named in the request.

Where any document is sent by mail by the patent administration department of the State Council, the 16th day from the date of mailing shall be presumed to be the date on which the party concerned receives the document.

Where any document is delivered personally in accordance with the provisions of the patent administration department of the State Council, the date of delivery is the date on which the party concerned receives the document.

Where the address of any document is not clear and it cannot be sent by mail, the document may be served by making an announcement. At the expiration of one month from the date of the announcement, the document shall be deemed to have been served.

Article 5 The first day of any time limit prescribed in the Patent Law and these Rules shall not be counted in the time limit. Where the time limit is counted by year or by month, it shall expire on the corresponding day of the last month; if there is no corresponding day in that month, the time limit shall expire on the last day of that month; if a time limit expires on an official holiday, it shall expire on the first working day following that official holiday.

Article 6 Where a time limit prescribed in the Patent Law or these Rules or specified by the patent administration department of the State Council is not observed by a party concerned because of force majeure, resulting in loss of his or its rights, he or it may, within two months from the date on which the impediment is removed, at the latest within two years immediately following the date of the expiration of that time limit, request the patent administration department of the State Council to restore his or its rights.

Except for circumstances prescribed in the preceding paragraph, where a time limit prescribed in the Patent Law or these Rules or specified by the patent administration department of the State Council is not observed by a party concerned because of any other justified reason, resulting in loss of his or its rights, he or it may, within two months from the date of receipt of a notification from the patent administration department of the State Council, request the patent administration department of the State Council to restore his or its rights.

Where any party concerned requests restoration of his or its rights in accordance with the provisions of the first or second paragraph of this Article, he or it shall submit a request for restoration of rights, stating the reasons and attaching, if necessary, the relevant certifying documents, and go through the relevant formalities which should have been performed before the loss of his or its rights; where the party concerned requests restoration of his or its rights in accordance with the provisions of the second paragraph of this Article, he or it shall pay the fee for requesting restoration of rights.

Where the party concermed makes a request for an extension of a time limit specified by the patent administration department of the State Council, he or it shall, before the time limit expires, state the reasons to the patent administration department of the State Council and go through the relevant formalities.

The provisions of the first and second paragraphs of this Article shall not be applicable to the time limit referred to in Articles 24, 29, 42 and 68 of the Patent Law.

Article 7 Where an application for a patent relates to the interests of national defense and is required to be kept secret, the application for patent shall be filed with and examined by the national defense patent authority; where an application for patent accepted by the patent administration department of the State Council relates to the interests of national defense and is required to be kept secret, the application shall be promptly forwarded to the national defense patent authority for examination. Where it is found after examination by the national defense patent authority that there is no ground for rejecting the application, the patent administration department of the State Council shall make a decision to grant a national defense patent right.

Where the patent administration department of the State Council finds that an application for patent for invention or patent for utility model which it accepts relates to national security or other vital interests of the State other than interests of national defense and is required to be kept secret, it shall promptly make a decision on handling it as an application for secret patent and notify the applicant accordingly. The special procedures for the examination and reexamination of an application for secret patent as well as the invalidation of secret patent shall be provided for by the patent administration department of the State Council.

Article 8 An invention or utility model developed in China referred to in Article 20 of the Patent Law means an invention or utility model in which the substantive contents of the technical solution are made within the territory of China.

Where any entity or individual intends to file an application for patent abroad for an invention or utility model developed in China, it or he shall request, in one of the following manners, the patent administration department of the State Council to conduct confidentiality examination:

(1) where filing an application for patent directly in a foreign country or filing an international patent application directly with a relevant foreign organization, it or he shall submit a request for confidentiality examination in advance to the patent administration department of the State Council and state the related technical solution in detail;

(2) where, after filing an application for patent with the patent administration department of the State Council, it or he intends to file an application for patent in a foreign country or an international patent application with a relevant foreign organization, it or he shall submit a request for confidentiality examination to the patent administration department of the State Council before filing the application for patent in a foreign country or the international patent application with the relevant foreign organization.

Where an international patent application is filed with the patent administration department of the State Council, it shall be deemed that a request for confidentiality examination is filed simultaneously.

Article 9 Where the patent administration department of the State Council receives a request filed under Article 8 of these Rules and finds, upon examination, that the invention or utility model is likely to relate to national security or other vital interests of the State and is required to be kept secret, it shall promptly issue a notification of confidentiality examination to the applicant; if the applicant receives no notification of confidentiality examination within four months from the date of filing of his or its request, the applicant may file, in respect of the invention or utility model, an application for patent in a foreign country or an international patent application with the relevant foreign organization.

Where the patent administration department of the State Council carries out a confidentiality examination in accordance with the notification prescribed in the preceding paragraph, it shall promptly make a decision on whether the invention or utility mode is required to be kept secret and notify the applicant accordingly. If the applicant receives no such decision within six months from the date of filing of his or its request, the applicant may file, in respect of the invention or utility model, an application for patent in a foreign country or an international patent application with the relevant foreign organization.

Article 10 Invention-creations which violate the law referred to in Article 5 of the Patent Law shall not include invention-creations only the exploitation of which is prohibited by the law.

Article 11 The date of filing referred to in the Patent Law, except for those referred to in Articles 28 and 42, means the priority date where priority is claimed.

The date of filing referred to in these Rules, except as otherwise prescribed, means the date of filing prescribed in Article 28 of the Patent Law.

Article 12 A service invention-creation made by a person in execution of the tasks of the entity to which he belongs referred to in Article 6 of the Patent Law means any invention-creation made:

(1) in the course of performing his own duty;

(2) in execution of any task, other than his own duty, which was entrusted to him by the entity to which he belongs; or

(3) within one year from his retirement, resignation or from termination of his employment or personnel relationship with the entity to which he previously belongs, where the invention-creation relates to his own duty or any other task entrusted to him by the entity to which he previously belongs.

The entity to which he belongs referred to in Article 6 of the Patent Law includes the entity in which the person concerned is a temporary staff member; material and technical means of the entity referred to in Article 6 of the Patent Law mean the entity's money, equipment, spare parts, raw materials or technical materials which are not available to the public, etc.

Article 13 An inventor or creator referred to in the Patent Law means any person who makes creative contributions to the substantive features of an invention-creation. Any person who, during the course of accomplishing the invention-creation, is responsible only for organizational work, or who only offers facilities for making use of material and technical means, or who only takes part in other auxiliary functions, shall not be considered as an inventor or creator.

Article 14 Except for the assignment of the patent right in accordance with the provisions of Article 10 of the Patent Law, where the patent right is transferred because of any other reason, the party concerned shall, based on the relevant certifying documents or legal papers, request the patent administration department of the State Council to register the transfer of the patent right.

Any license contract for exploitation of a patent which has been concluded by the patentee with an entity or individual shall, within three months from the date of entry into force of the contract, be submitted to the patent administration department of the State Council for the record.

Where any patent right is put in pledge, the pledgor and the pledgee shall jointly register the contract of pledge with the patent administration department of the State Council.

Chapter II Application for Patent

Article 15 Anyone who applies for a patent in written form shall file with the patent administration department of the State Council application documents in two copies.

Anyone who applies for a patent in other forms as provided for by the patent administration department of the State Council shall comply with the relevant provisions.

Any applicant who appoints a patent agency for applying for a patent, or for having other patent matters to attend to before the patent administration department of the State Council, shall submit at the same time a power of attorney indicating the scope of the power entrusted.

Where there are two or more applicants and no patent agency is appointed, unless otherwise stated in the request, the applicant named first in the request shall be the representative.

Article 16 The following particulars shall be indicated in the request of application for patent for invention, utility model or design:

(1) the title of the invention, utility model or design;

(2) in the case of an applicant that is a Chinese entity or individual, the applicant's title or name, address, postal code, organization code or resident identity card number; in the case of an applicant that is a foreigner, a foreign enterprise or other foreign organization, the applicant's name or title, nationality or the country or region where the applicant is registered;

(3) the name of the inventor or creator;

(4) in the case of an applicant that has appointed a patent agency, the title of the appointed agency and its agency code, and the name, the practice certificate number and the telephone number of the patent agent assigned by the agency;

(5) in the case that the right of priority is claimed, the date of filing on which the applicant filed his or its first application (hereinafter referred to as the earlier application), the filing number of such application and the title of the authority with which such application was first filed;

(6) the signature or seal of the applicant or the patent agency;

(7) a list of the documents constituting the application;

(8) a list of the documents appending the application; and

(9) any other related matters which needs to be indicated.

Article 17 The description of an application for a patent for invention or a patent for utility model shall state the title of the invention or utility model, which shall be the same as it appears in the request. The deseription shall include the following:

(1) technical field: specifying the technical field to which the technical solution sought to be protected pertains;

(2) background art: indicating the background art which can be regarded as useful for the understanding, searching and examination of the invention or utility model, and when possible, citing the documents reflecting such art;

(3) contents of the invention: disclosing the technical problem the invention or utility model aims to settle and the technical solution adopted to resolve the problem, and stating, with reference to the prior art, the advantageous effects of the invention or utility model;

(4) explanatory notes of drawings: briefly describing each figure in the drawings, if any; and

(5) mode of carrying out the invention or utility model: describing in detail the optimally selected mode contemplated by the applicant for carrying out the invention or utility model; where appropriate, this shall be done in terms of examples, and with reference to the drawings, if any.

The manner and order referred to in the preceding paragraph shall be followed by the applicant for a patent for invention or a patent for utility model in drafting the description and each of the parts shall be preceded by a heading, unless, because of the nature of the invention or utility model, a different manner or order would result in a more economical presentation and a better understanding.

The description of the invention or utility model shall use standard terms and be clear in wording, and shall not contain such references to the claims as:"as described in claim … ", nor shall it contain commercial advertising.

Where an application for a patent for invention contains disclosure of one or more nucleotide and/or amino acid sequences, the description shall contain a sequence listing in compliance with the standard prescribed by the patent administration department of the State Council. The sequence listing shall be submitted by the applicant as a separate part of the description, and a copy of the said sequence listing in machine-readable form shall also be submitted in accordance with the provisions of the patent administration department of the State Council.

The description of an application for a patent for utility model shall include the drawings showing the shape, structure or their combination of the product for which protection is sought.

Article 18 The drawings of an invention or utility model shall be numbered and arranged in numerical order consecutively as "Figure 1, Figure 2, … ".

Reference signs not mentioned in the text of the description of the invention or utility model shall not appear in the drawings, and reference signs not included in the drawings shall not be referred to in the text of the description. Reference signs for the same composite part shall be used consistently throughout the application document.

The drawings shall not contain any other explanatory notes, except for words which are indispensable.

Article 19 The claims shall specify the technical features of an invention or utility model.

If there are several claims, they shall be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals.

The scientific and technical terms used in the claims shall be consistent with those used in the description, and the elaims may contain chemical or mathematical formulae but no drawings. They shall not, except where absolutely necessary, contain such references to the description or drawings as:"as described in part.. of the description", or"as illustrated in Figure.. of the drawings".

The technical features mentioned in the claims may, in order to facilitate understanding of the claims, make reference to the corresponding reference signs in the drawings of the description, and such reference signs shall follow the corresponding technical features and be placed in parentheses. The reference signs shall not be construed as limiting the claims.

Article 20 The claims shall have an independent claim, and may also contain dependent claims.

The independent claim shall outline the technical solution of an invention or utility model and state the essential technical features necessary for the solution of its technical problem.

The dependent claim shall, by additional technical features, further define the claim to which it refers.

Article 21 An independent claim of an invention or utility model shall contain a preamble portion and a characterizing portion, and be presented in the following manner:

(1) a preamble portion: indicating the title of the claimed subject matter of the technical solution of the invention or utility model, and those technical features which are necessary for the definition of the claimed subject matter but which, in combination, are part of the most related prior art; and

(2) a characterizing portion: stating, in such words as "characterized in that … "or in similar expressions, the technical features of the invention or utility model, which distinguish it from the most related prior art. Those features, in combination with the

features stated in the preamble portion, serve to define the extent of protection of the invention  or  utility  model.

Where the manner specified in the preceding paragraph is not appropriate to be followed because of the nature of the invention or utility model, an independent claim may be presented in a different manner.

An invention or utility model shall have only one independent claim, which shall precede all the dependent claims relating to the same invention or utility model.

Article 22 Any dependent claim of an invention or utility model shall contain a reference portion and a characterizing portion, and be presented in the following manner:

(1) a reference portion: indicating the serial number(s) of the claim(s) referred to, and the title of the subject matter; and

(2) a characterizing portion: stating the additional technical features of the invention or utility model.

Any dependent claim shall only refer to the preceding claim or claims. A multiple dependent claim, which refers to two or more elaims, shall refer to the preceding claims in the alternative only, and shall not serve as a basis for any other multiple dependent claim.

Article 23 The abstract of the description shall consist of a summary of the disclosure as contained in the application for patent for invention or utility model. The summary shall indicate the title of the invention or utility model, and the technical field to which the invention or utility model pertains, and shall be drafted in a way which allows the clear understanding of the technical problem, the gist of the technical solution to that problem, and the principal use or uses of the invention or utility model.

The abstract of the description may contain the chemical formula which best characterizes the invention; in an application for a patent which contains drawings, the applicant shall provide a figure which best characterizes the technical features of the invention or utility model. The scale and the distinctness of the figure shall be as such that a reproduction with a linear reduction in size to 4cm × 6cm would still enable all details to be clearly distinguished. The text of the abstract shall contain not more than 300 words. There shall be no commercial advertising in the abstract.

Article 24 Where an invention for which a patent is applied concerns a new biological material which is not available to the public and which cannot be described in the application in such a manner as to enable the invention to be carried out by a person skilled in the art, the applicant shall, in addition to the other requirements provided for in the Patent Law and these Rules, go through the following formalities:

(1) depositing a sample of the biological material with a depositary institution designated by the patent administration department of the State Council before, or at the latest, on the date of filing (or the priority date where priority is claimed), and submitting at the time of filing or at the latest, within four months from the date of filing, a certificate of deposit and that of viability from the depositary institution; where they are not submitted within the specified time limit, the sample of the biological material shall be deemed not to have been deposited;

(2) giving in the application document relevant information of the characteristics of the biological material; and

(3) indicating, where the application relates to the deposit of a sample of the biological material, in the request and the description the scientific name of the biological material (with its Latin name)and the title and address of the depositary institution, the date on which the sample of the biological material was deposited and the accession number of the deposit; where, at the time of filing, they are not indicated, they shall be supplied within four months from the date of filing; where after the expiration of the time limit they are not supplied, the sample of the biological material shall be deemed not to have been deposited.

Article 25 Where the applicant for a patent for invention has deposited a sample of biological material in accordance with the provisions of Article 24 of these Rules, and after the application for patent for invention is published, any entity or individual that intends to make use of the biological material to which the application relates, for the purpose of experiment, shall make a request to the patent administration department of the State Council, containing the following particulars:

(1) the title or name and address of the person making the request;

(2) an undertaking not to make the biological material available to any other person; and

(3) an undertaking to use the biological material for an experimental purpose only before the grant of the patent right.

Article 26 Genetic resources referred to in the Patent Law means the materials of actual or potential value which are obtained from human bodies, animals, plants and microorganisms and contain functional units of heredity; an invention-creation accomplished by relying on genetic resources referred to in the Patent Law means an invention-creation accomplished by the use of the heredity function of genetic resources.

Where an application for patent is filed for an invention-creation accomplished by relying on genetic resourees, the applicant shall state that fact in the request, and fill in the forms provided by the patent administration department of the State Council.

Article 27 Where an applicant seeks the protection of colors, drawings or photographs in color shall be submitted.

The applicant shall, in respect of the subject matter of the product incorporating the design which is in need of protection, submit the relevant drawings or photographs.

Article 28 The brief explanation of a design shall indicate the title and use of the product incorporating the design and the essential feature of the design, and designate a drawing or photograph which best shows the essential feature of the design. Where the view of the product incorporating the design is omitted or where concurrent protection of colors is sought, this shall be indicated in the brief explanation.

Where an application for patent for design is filed for two or more similar designs incorporated in the same product, one of these designs shall be indicated as the main design in the brief explanation.

The brief explanation shall not contain any commercial advertising and shall not be used to indicate functions of the product.

Article 29 Where the patent administration department of the State Council deems it necessary, it may require the applicant for a patent for design to submit a sample or model of the product incorporating the design. The volume of the sample or model submitted shall not exceed 30cm × 30cm × 30cm, and its weight shall not surpass 15 kilograms. Articles which are easy to get rotten or broken or articles which are dangerous shall not be submitted as the sample or model.

Article 30 An international exhibition recognized by the Chinese Govermment referred to in subparagraph (1) of Article 24 of the Patent Law means an international exhibition which is registered with or recognized by the International Exhibitions Bureau as stipulated by the International Exhibitions Convention.

An academic or technological meeting referred to in subparagraph (2) of Article 24 of the Patent Law means an academic or technological meeting organized by a competent department concerned of the State Council or by a national academic or technological association.

Where any invention-creation for which a patent is applied falls under the provisions of subparagraph (1) or (2) of Article 24 of the Patent Law, the applicant shall, when filing the application, make a declaration and, within two months from the date of filing, submit certifying documents issued by the entity which organized the international exhibition or academic or technological meeting, stating the fact that the invention-creation was exhibited or published and the date of its exhibition or publication.

Where any invention-creation for which a patent is applied falls under the provisions of subparagraph (3) of Article 24 of the Patent Law, the patent administration department of the State Council may, when it deems it necessary, require the applicant to submit the relevant certifying documents within a specified time limit

Where the applicant fails to make a declaration and submit certifying documents as required in the third paragraph of this Article, or fails to submit certifying documents within a specified time limit as required in the fourth paragraph of this Article, the provisions of Article 24 of the Patent Law shall not apply to his or its application.

Article 31 Where an applicant claims the right of foreign priority in accordance with the provisions of Article 30 of the Patent Law, the copy of the earlier application documents submitted by the applicant shall be certified by the authority with which the earlier application was filed. Where, in accordance with the agreement between the patent administration department of the State Council and the said authority, the patent administration department of the State Council obtains a copy of the earlier application documents through electronic transmission or in any other manner, the copy of the earlier application documents certified by the authority shall be deemed to have been submitted by the applicant. Where, in claiming the right of domestic priority, the applicant has indicated the date of filing and the filing number of the earlier application in the request, the copy of the earlier application documents shall be deemed to have been submitted.

Where such one or two particulars as the date of filing, the filing number of the earlier application, or the title of the authority with which the earlier application was filed are omitted or written in error in the request when the right of priority is claimed, the patent administration department of the State Council shall notify the applicant that he or it is required to make rectification within a specified time limit; where the applicant fails to make rectification within the specified time limit, the right of priority shall be deemed not to have been claimed.

Where the name or title of the applicant who claims the right of priority does not tally with the one recorded in the copy of the earlier application, the applicant shall submit a document certifying the assignment of the right of priority. If no such document is submitted, the right of priority shall be deemed not to have been claimed.

Where any applicant claims a right of foreign priority for his or its application for patent for a design, and no brief explanation of the design was contained in the earlier application, he or it shall not be adversely affected for enjoying the right of priority if the brief explanation submitted by the applicant in accordance with the provisions of Article 28 of these Rules does not go beyond the scope as shown in the drawings or photographs of the earlier application.

Article 32 An applicant may claim one or more priorities for an application for a patent; where multiple priorities are claimed, the priority period for the application shall be calculated from the earliest priority date.

Where an applicant elaims the right of domestic priority and if the earlier application is one for a patent for invention, the applicant may file an application for a patent for invention or utility model for the same subject matter; if the earlier application is one for a patent for utility model, the applicant may file an application for a patent for utility model or invention for the same subject matter. However, if the subject matter of the earlier application falls under any of the following circumstances when the later application is filed, it may not be taken as the basis for claiming the domestic priority:

(1) where the subject matter has been served as the basis for claiming the foreign or domestic priority;

(2) where the subject matter has been granted a patent right; or

(3) where it is the subject matter of a divisional application filed as prescribed.

Where an applicant elaims the domestic priority, the earlier application shall be deemed to be withdrawn from the date on which the later application is filed.

Article 33 Where an application for patent is filed or the right of foreign priority is claimed by an applicant having no habitual residence or business office in China, the patent administration department of the State Council may, when it deems it necessary, require the applicant to submit the following documents:

(1) in the case of an applicant that is an individual, a certificate concerning his nationality;

(2) in the case of an applicant that is an enterprise or other organization, a document certifying the country or region where it is registered; and

(3) a document certifying that the country, to which the applicant belongs, recognizes that Chinese entities and individuals are, under the same conditions as those applied to its nationals, entitled to the patent right, the right of priority and other related rights in that country.

Article 34 Two or more inventions or utility models belonging to a single general inventive concept which may be filed as one application in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 31 of the Patent Law shall be technically interrelated and contain one or more of the same or corresponding special technical features. The expression special technical features shall mean those technical features which define a contribution which each of those inventions or utility models, considered as a whole, makes over the prior art.

Article 35 Where two or more similar designs of the same product are filed in one application in accordance with the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 31 of the Patent Law, the other designs of the product shall be similar to the main design indicated in the brief explanation. The number of similar designs contained in an application for patent for design shall not exceed 10.

The two or more designs of products belonging to the same class and sold or used in sets as referred to in the second paragraph of Article 31 of the Patent Law mean that, each product incorporating the design belongs to the same class in the classification of products and is customarily sold or used at the same time, and the designs incorporated in each product have the same concept of design.

Where two or more designs are filed as one application, they shall be numbered consecutively and the numbers shall precede the titles of the drawings or photographs of the product incorporating the design.

Article 36 When withdrawing an application for a patent, the applicant shall submit to the patent administration department of the State Council a declaration whereby stating the title of the invention-creation, the filing number and the date of filing.

Where a declaration to withdraw an application for a patent is submitted after the preparations for the publication of the application documents have been completed by the patent administration department of the State Council, the application documents shall be published as scheduled. However, the declaration withdrawing the application for patent shall be published in the Patent Gazette issued later.