Zeng Jinze was born in May 1969 and is from Shuangfeng county, Hunan province. He is of Han ethnicity. Zeng started his professional career in July 1990 and joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in April 1995. He graduated from Sun Yat-sen University in business management and has a PhD in management.

Zeng is currently deputy secretary of the CPC Zhanjiang Municipal Committee and mayor of the Zhanjiang municipal government.