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奥运申办程序变革 Olympic bidding overhaul

Updated: 2019-06-30
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The International Olympic Committee outlined plans to overhaul the bidding process for future Games, stating that cities interested in hosting the Games should hold referendums before submitting official tenders to avoid having to withdraw their candidacy at a later date.
国际奥委会公布了奥运会申办规程的改革方案,要求有意申办奥运会的城市在提交正式申请之前应先举行全民公投,以免在成为候选城市之后中途退出。

【单词讲解】

Overhaul这个词可用作动词或名词,表示“翻修;革新;彻底检查”等意思,比如:overhaul the income tax policy/the income tax policy overhaul(个税改革)、overhaul the original plan(改变最初的计划)等。

Withdraw their candidacy就是“放弃候选城市资格”,即“退出申办”,也可以用drop out of bidding来表示。Drop out of通常表示“退出”,比如,“中途退学”就是drop out of school。

过去几年来,不断出现奥运会申办城市中途退出的现象。

For the 2026 Winter Olympics, which this week was awarded to Milan and Cortina D'Ampezzo, four cities pulled out.
本周刚刚公布2026年冬奥会主办城市为米兰和科尔蒂纳丹佩佐,此前已有4个申办城市退出。

It was a similar situation for the 2022 and 2024 Games. Local referendums have also killed off many bids or planned candidacies, including in Switzerland, Germany, Austria and Canada among others.
2022年和2024年奥运会申办城市中也有类似的情况。而在瑞士、德国、奥地利以及加拿大等国,奥运申办意向在提交之前就被当地的全民公投给否决了。

除了要求申办之前获得全民支持以外,国际奥委会此次公布的变革内容还包括:

第一,未来将分别组建“夏季奥运会举办地委员会”和“冬季奥运会举办地委员会”(future host commissions one each for Summer and Winter Games)。

The new panels will be empowered to have “permanent ongoing dialogue” with potential bidders and pro-actively approach preferred hosts. They will recommend one or more candidates for an election.
新的委员会有权与潜在的申办城市以及他们青睐的举办城市保持“长期密切对话”,并推荐一个或多个候选城市。

第二,未来的奥运会不一定非要提前7年确定举办地。

A new, flexible campaign timetable will end the Olympic Charter rule requiring hosts to be voted on seven years in advance of a Summer or Winter Games. 
《奥林匹克宪章》中要求夏季或冬季奥运会主办城市需提前7年选定的条款将被新的更加灵活的申办时间表所取代。

其实,这种时间的灵活,在洛杉矶提前11年获得2028年奥运会举办权就体现出来了。

第三,未来的奥运会不再限定在一个城市举办。

Host can also refer to multiple cities, regions and/or countries. 
主办城市可以是好几个城市、地区或者国家。

第四,国际奥委会鼓励举办地更多使用现有或临时场馆及设施(use existing or temporary venues and infrastructures)。