近视矫正 myopia correction
The notice on further regulating and supervising myopia correction in young people bans merchants from using wording such as "rehabilitation," "recovery," and "myopia cure" to mislead nearsighted children and their parents.
为进一步规范儿童青少年近视矫正、加强监管,通知禁止从事儿童青少年近视矫正的商家使用“康复”“恢复”“近视治愈”等表述误导近视儿童青少年和家长。
【单词讲解】
近视的医学专业术语是myopia,读作 [ma??o?pi?],但是日常生活中人们通常用nearsightedness / shortsightedness来表示,比如:Tom is nearsighted/shortsighted because he used to play games in darkness whole night long.(汤姆近视是因为他过去经常晚上在黑暗中玩一整晚游戏。)
其他相关的表达还有:远视(hyperopia ['ha?p?'r??p??] farsightedness/ longsightedness)、散光(astigmatism [??st?ɡm??t?z?m])、隐形眼镜(contact lenses)、无框眼镜(rimless glasses)、眼科医生(eye doctor/ophthalmologist [?ɑfθ?l?mɑl?d??st] )等。
通知指出,在目前医疗技术条件下,近视不能治愈(myopia cannot be cured)。儿童青少年时期可以通过科学用眼、增加户外活动时间(more outdoor activities)、减少长时间近距离用眼(less time spent on near work)等方式预防、控制和减缓近视。
同时,从事儿童青少年近视矫正的机构或个人不得违反中医药法规定冒用中医药名义或者假借中医药理论、技术欺骗消费者(deceive consumers in the guise of traditional Chinese medicine),谋取不正当利益。
2018年6月,国家卫生健康委表示,我国现有近视人数已经超过4.5亿,其中近视高发年龄段为青少年阶段。据不完全统计,小学生的发病率约30%,初中生约60%,高中生约80%,大学生约90%。
2018年8月底,教育部等八部委联合发布《综合防控儿童青少年近视实施方案》。其中国家新闻出版署提出要实施网络游戏总量调控(curb the number of new online games available to children),采取措施限制未成年人使用时间(take new measures to limit their time on games)。
方案提出:
The overall myopia rate among teenagers reduces by more than 0.5 percentage points per year from 2018 until 2023. Provinces with a high incidence of myopia are required to cut at least 1 percentage point per year.
到2023年,力争实现全国儿童青少年总体近视率在2018年的基础上每年降低0.5个百分点以上;近视高发省份每年降低1个百分点以上。
By 2030, the myopia rate for 6-year-old children should be below 3 percent, for primary school students, below 38 percent, for middle school students, below 60 percent, and for high school students, below 70 percent.
到2030年,6岁儿童近视率控制在3%左右,小学生近视率下降到38%以下,初中生近视率下降到60%以下,高中阶段学生近视率下降到70%以下。