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信用记录 credit records

language.chinadaily.com.cn| Updated: 2019-02-15
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为了鼓励和引导不良信息主体主动改正违法失信行为,消除社会不良影响,浙江省发展改革委近日出台《浙江省公共信用修复管理暂行办法》。

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A Chinese resident shows her bank cards. [Photo/IC]

The Development and Reform Commission of Zhejiang province recently issued a regulation that stipulates the conditions and procedures for individuals and organizations hoping to repair their bad credit records.
浙江省发展改革委近日出台了个人和组织修复不良信用记录的条件和程序。

信用记录(credit records)与我们生活中的各种行为相关,信用卡以及银行贷款是否按时还款、水电燃气等生活费用是否按时缴纳、乘坐飞机火车出行是否有违规行为等都可能影响到我们的信用记录,良好的信用记录(good credit records)可能会让我们享受到一些优惠和便利,而不良信用记录(bad credit records)则可能让我们寸步难行。

所以,信用修复(repair bad credit records/credit repair)就是让有不良信用记录的单位和个人有机会纠正失信行为,并最终消除失信记录(eliminate bad credit records)。 

《办法》指出,信用修复原则上需要满足三个条件:

行政处理决定和司法裁判等明确的法定责任和义务履行完毕(completely fulfill the administrative decision or judicial judgment they have been given),社会不良影响基本消除(eliminate their bad social influence);

各省级公共信用信息提供单位可结合本行业实际制定不良信息修复期限(the time limit for repairing a credit record),但原则上自不良信息认定之日起修复期限应满1年及以上;

自不良信息认定之日起至申请信用修复期间未产生新的记入信用档案的同类不良信息(have no new bad credit recorded)。

根据《办法》的规定,不良信息主体(individuals and organizations with bad credit records)向作出不良信息认定的公共信用信息提供单位提出信用修复申请。不良信息修复后,不再作为负面信息使用(the negative information will be eliminated from credit report after repairing)。

《社会信用体系建设规划纲要(2014—2020年)》指出,社会信用体系(social credit system)是社会主义市场经济体制和社会治理体制的重要组成部分(an important component of the Socialist market economy system and the social governance system)。它以法律、法规、标准和契约为依据(founded on laws, regulations, standards and charters),以健全覆盖社会成员的信用记录和信用基础设施网络为基础(based on a complete network covering the credit records of members of society and credit infrastructure),以信用信息合规应用和信用服务体系为支撑(supported by the lawful application of credit information and a credit services system)的诚信意识和信用水平。

【相关词汇】

诚信政府 good faith government
信用黑名单制度 credit blacklist system
社会信用体系 social credit system
信用记录 credit records 
信用评分系统 credit rating system 
国家企业信用数据库 national enterprise credit data bank 
消费者和商业信用评分 consumer and business credit scoring 
信用风险 credit risks